As I also stated, the ISS generally tends to get out of the way of asteroids that its armor won't soak up. Also, the article mentions that they were replacing old armor from 2002.

Actually, I would expect an onboard computer to be able to detect the rapid pressure loss from a hull breach and react accordingly.

And, once again, the ISS tends to get out of the way of the asteroids that can cause hull breaches in the first place.

The main problem with inflatable tech is sharp objects. I don't expect micrometeors to be sharp, though a sharp piece of sattelite debris might be an issue.
A balloon-like construction would be quite resilient to blunt impacts, the dp/dt will be reduced by a huge factor because the construction yields. Like hitting a trampoline.

The XT-34 has to be pretty resilient - physics or no (it is after all, a comic) remember that it survived Riff (as we are reminded by the stray screw floating around).

No, micrometeors won't usually be all that sharp. But neither is a bullet. Velocity would do the job just as well as pointiness. Your point about bouncing is valid, but only up to a certain point. A bullet has more than enough velocity to pierce a trampoline, but maybe/probably not a metal wall.

And yes, the XT-34 survived Riff. But he also went through a lot of duct tape. :-)

The single hole that was found had a diameter the size of a bullet.
Meaning that bullet-sized micrometeors are not that common.

Also, a bullet isn't sharp like a needle. But unlike micrometeorites, it is pointy. And being pointy is the key factor in being able to penetrate a target. Armor-piercing bullets are made pointy and extra hard, so the point don't break or deform during penetration. A hollow-point bullet is the opposite: it only penetrate the target to a short depth, but deliver its kinetic energy to that volume. Which cause quite a lot more damage to a biological target than those deep-piercing bullets does.

Actually, the key factor of armor-piercing bullets is being long and dense—that's why the US uses depleted uranium for them. Have you heard of this?